Lisbon - Igreja de Santa Engrácia - Panteão Nacional by Mark Sukhija

The Panteão Nacional in Lisbon, PortugalThe Panteão Nacional was built on the request of the Princess D Maria (1521/1577,) the daughter of King D Manuel, who was a well known patron of the arts during the early 16th Century.

A new parish created by letter of Pope Pius V in 1568 was to be served by this new church. Work on the single-nave church began in 1570 after a drawing by the architect Jerórnimo de Rouen.

In 1630, a tabernacle was desecrated in the Church. A New Christian by the name of Simon Solis was wrongly accused of the crime although on the night of the crime he had been courting a nun at the nearby Convent of St Clare. The following year, he was burned. In 1632, the Brotherhood of the Slaves of the Holy Sacrement decided to build a new chancel to atone for the profanity. Mateus do Couto directed the works for the Chancel which began right away but a shortage of funds and the War of Restoration which finished in 1668 prolonged the completion of the chancel.

After the War of Restoration a new plan was commissioned from João Antunes who was a relative unknown at the time. The Panteão Nacional would, ultimately, make the name of the former apprentice to Paço da Ribeira from whome he learnt the rudiments of architectural drawings. João Antunes would go on to be appointed Royal Architect in 1699.

Interior of the Panteão Nacional in Lisbon, PortugalThe Panteão Nacional is built in the Baroque-style of architecture in the shape of a Greek Cross - ie a cross with four-equal arms - with undulating walls and topped with a cupola.

After the death of João Antunes in 1712, doubts about the structures ability to support the cupola were raised.

The Ministry of Public Works, through the Directorate-General of National Buildings and Munments, has proposed completing the building. Historians Damião Peres and Mário Chicó and architect Raúl Lino have found a solution for the design of the cupola. The designs have proved controversial. Raúl Lino has prooposed two towers along the façade of and a simpler cupola based on traditional Portugese architecture.

The building was classified as a national Monument by Decree on the 16th June 1910. The Church of Santa Engrácia was chosen as the National Pantheon be Decree on the 19th April 1916.

The Panteão Nacional now houses the tombs of Teófilo Braga, Sidónio Pais and Óscar Carmona, Presidents of the Republic, the writers João de Deus, Almeida Garrett and Guerra Junqueiro and Marshal Humberto Delgado.

Cenotaphs at The Panteão Nacional are those of Luís de Camões, Nuno Ávares Pereira, Alfonso de Albuquerque, Vasco da Gama, Pedro Álvares Cabral and Prince Henry the Navigator.

Primary source: Pamphlet available at the church

Map


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Misc Information

Opening hours

  • Tuesday to Sunday 10am to 5pm
  • Closed on Mondays and, January 1st, Goood Friday, Easter Sunday, 1st May and 25th December

How to get there

Bus routes: 9, 25, 35, 39, 46, 81, 90, 104, 105 and 107

Trams: no 28 Prazeres/Estrela

Parking

In Campo de Santa Clara

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Map

Further reading

Day in Lisbon - Travelogue from a weekend in Lisbon during December 2007

Lisbon - Castelo de São Jorge - Brief historical notes on the Castelo de São Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal

Lisbon - Se Catedral de Lisboa - Historical notes on the Cathedral of Lisbon, Portugal

Weekend in Lisbon - Plan for a weekend in Lisbon December 2008

Day in Belem - Travelogue from a weekend in Lisbon, Portugual during December 2007

Spain - recommended hotels - Personally recommended hotels in and around Spain

Spain - The English Route (Camino Ingles) to Santiago - A highly provisional plan to travel the English Route of the Santiago de Compostela pilgrimage in Galicia, Spain

Spain - Santiago de Compostela pilgrimage resources - Online resources an information about the pilgramage route of The Way of St James ending in Santiago de Compostela in Galicia, Spain

France - Travel information on and about France

Salisbury Cathedral - a brief history - A short history of the iconic Salisbury Cathedral in Wiltshire, England

Tourismo de Lisboa - Official website of Tourismo de Lisboa

Key facts

Name: Igreja de Santa Engracia - Panteao Nacional
Address:
Campo de Santa Clara, 1100-471 Lisbon

About Mark Sukhija

Mark Sukhija is a travel and wine blogger, photographer, tourism researcher, hat-touting, white-shirt-wearing, New Zealand fantatic and eclipse chaser. Aside from at least annual visits to New Zealand, Mark has seen eclipses in South Australia (2002), Libya (2006), China (2009) and Queensland (2012). After twelve years in Switzerland, Mark moved back to London in 2012. You can follow Mark on Twitter or Facebook